Jupiter
c. 1200,
"supreme deity of the ancient Romans," from Latin Iupeter, from PIE *dyeu-peter-
"god-father" (originally vocative, "the name naturally occurring
most frequently in invocations" [Tucker]), from *deiw-os "god"
(see Zeus) + peter "father" in the sense of "male head of a
household" (see father). Cf. Greek Zeu pater, vocative of Zeus pater
"Father Zeus;" Sanskrit Dyauspita "heavenly father." The
planet name is attested from late 13c.
Zeus
supreme god of the
ancient Greeks, 1706, from Greek, from PIE *dewos- "god" (cf. Latin deus "god," Old Persian
daiva- "demon, evil god," Old Church Slavonic deivai, Sanskrit
deva-), from root *dyeu- "to gleam, to shine;" also the root of words
for "sky" and "day" (see diurnal). The god-sense is
originally "shining," but "whether as originally sun-god or as
lightener" is not now clear.
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